Biebrich Scarlet Biodegradation Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology

Authors

  • Siti Ruqaiyah Mohd Yusoff Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, D.E, Malaysia.
  • Ain Aqilah Basirun Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, D.E, Malaysia.
  • Mohd Izuan Effendi Halmi Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54987/jemat.v8i1.522

Keywords:

Biebrich Scarlet, RSM, Plackett- Burman, biodegradation, decolourisation

Abstract

The study was carried out to isolate bacterial strain potential for decolourizing the azo- dye Biebrich Scarlet and to optimize the dye decolourisation using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). From azo- dye screening, five isolates were capable of decolourising Biebrich scarlet and out of these, isolate 33 shows the highest decolourisation rate of 4.9x10-6 mgml-1min-1 compared to the other four. Response Surface Method (RSM) which includes Central Composite design (CCD) was employed following a screening procedure as such the Plackett- Burman design to attain optimal condition in order to achieve full azo- dye Biebrich scarlet decolourisation. Seven variables; pH, temperature (°C), ammonium acetate (%), glucose (%), salinity (%), yeast (%) and dye concentration (ppm) were studied. From Plackett- Burman design, four of these variables were chosen for further optimisation. Out of 30 individual runs of CCD, three variables; dye concentration, pH and yeast excluding ammonium acetate showed significant model terms (P-value < 0.05). Morphological identification was carried out on isolate 33 and results predicted that the isolate was a Gram-negative bacterium with catalase and cytochrome oxidase enzymes. This isolate gave a gamma hemolysis on blood agar medium and it decolourises Biebrich scarlet better in a minimal oxygen condition. The optimum ranges expected for a maximum dye decolourisation from this study were ammonium acetate (%) of 0.310.60; dye decolourisation (ppm) of about 112.16 or less; pH of 6.62-7.38 and yeast (%) of 0.23- 0.37. The significance of this study is to isolate, screen and identify the best isolated bacterial strain capable of decolourising Biebrich scarlet azo- dye, to study on the factors promoting the growth and the decolourisation of azo- dye by the isolated bacterium through means of RSM and to estimate the optimum condition in the factors which has a significant effect on the decolourisation percentage.

 

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Published

31.07.2020

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020)

Section

Articles

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How to Cite

Biebrich Scarlet Biodegradation Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology. (2020). Journal of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology, 8(1), 42-49. https://doi.org/10.54987/jemat.v8i1.522